Russia defeated Napoleon and the Nazi using Russian harsh winter as a weapon, but why didnt it use the same strategy in WWI against Germany?

Answer 1

Because it relies on allowing the enemy to overstretch its resources and logistical capacity.

Which the Germans did not in 1914-17.

"Never interrupt your enemy when he is making a mistake"

Answer 2

The Russians were a little busy with some other matters in 1917 or so.

Answer 3

In WWI, Russia tried to aid the Allied war effort by attacking west when it was partially mobilized. Thus two Russian armies had advanced far into Prussia before they were defeated and checked by a German army. For the rest of the war, the fighting took place in territory only a little to the east, and neither side experienced a Russian winter.