Help connecting philosophers and ideologies?

Question

How would you connect these philosophers and ideologies? As in which philosopher could be used to argue a certain ideology. And 1 philosopher can go under more than 1 ideology. and you don't have to do all of them, even just 1 connection would be very helpful :)

Philosophers

Plato

Aristotle

Niccoló Machiavelli

John Locke

Thomas Hobbes

Jean-Jacques Rousseau

Edmund Burke

Karl Marx

Mary Wollstonecraft

Friedrich Engels

John Stuart Mill

Joseph Schumpeter

John Rawls

Carole Pateman

Jürgen Habermas

Chantal Mouffe

Jeremy Bentham

Cohen

Robert Nozick

Waltzer

Will Kymlicka

Bhirkhu Parekh

Michael Oakeshott

Ideologies

Liberalism

Conservatism

Marxism

Communism

Reformist socialism

Anarcho-syndicalism

Fascism and Nazism

the catholic social teachings

new left

new liberalism

environmentalism

radical feminism

the third way

islam

nationalism

feminism

Answer 1

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The truth is whoever gave you this assignment, I would give them a D minus as a teacher. There are a couple of obvious associations - Karl Marx with Marxism and Engels with Communism - but even in those two examples, it is not so simple. The others are much more complicated. It is not possible to associate a thinker with a one word label of a description. If I was your teacher's boss, I would give the teacher a bad grade. But what can you do in your situation? I would look up each one of the names and give a very brief description of what they believed. It will not match up with what is on the list, because the list is garbage. Also you are being asked to give a thumbnail history of philosophy which really is a daunting project. Also you are being asked to do it as a name to word matching quiz, which is actually impossible, given the list of 'Ideologies'. Look up each of the names and then give a very brief summation of their beliefs. I looked up Jurgen Habermas for example. I am familiar with his work and I did not see any one of the Ideologies that fit with what he believed. He was a pragmatist but that is a very broad term and it is not on the list. Also it is a very broad term, so broad as to be meaningless. Ideas are expressed by people in a particular context. Life is not a matching quiz. Tell your teacher to get their head out of their butt and actually teach something useful. This is the kind of exercise that makes learning a terrible bore. It is really a waste of time.

So, for each of the names, I would give a very brief description, something like this:

Jürgen Habermas is a German sociologist and philosopher in the tradition of critical theory and pragmatism.

Karl Marx was a German philosopher, economist, sociologist, historian, journalist, and revolutionary socialist.

Michael Oakeshott was an English philosopher and political theorist who wrote about philosophy of history, philosophy of religion, aesthetics, and philosophy of law. He is widely regarded as one of the most important conservative thinkers of the 20th century.

Niccolò di Machiavelli was an Italian historian, politician, diplomat, philosopher, humanist and writer based in Florence during the Renaissance. He was for many years an official in the Florentine Republic, with responsibilities in diplomatic and military affairs. He was a founder of modern political science, and more specifically political ethics. He also wrote comedies, carnival songs, and poetry. His personal correspondence is renowned in the Italian language. He was Secretary to the Second Chancery of the Republic of Florence from 1498 to 1512, when the Medici were out of power. He wrote his masterpiece, The Prince, after the Medici had recovered power and he no longer held a position of responsibility in Florence.

"Machiavellianism", is a widely used negative term to characterize unscrupulous politicians of the sort Machiavelli described in The Prince. The book itself gained enormous notoriety and wide readership because the author seemed to be endorsing this evil behavior.

Joseph Schumpeter was an Austrian American economist and political scientist. He briefly served as Finance Minister of Austria in 1919. One of the most influential economists of the 20th century, Schumpeter popularized the term "creative destruction" in economics. Schumpeter also became known for his opposition to Marxism and socialism that he thought would lead to dictatorship, and even criticized President Franklin Roosevelt's New Deal.

That's about all you can do. The list of Ideologies is not correct. It doesn't match up with the people listed. All the names listed are influential thinkers whose ideas cannot be summed up in a single word. Labels are usually not a good thing.