When I first got my dog 2 years ago, he was a puppy, and I had him for 3 days before he started throwing up every 5 min, I took him to the vet, and he told me he had parvo and it was a 50/50 shot. He was at the vet for 4 days, and every day I would go visit him and stick my finger in the water and let him lick it off, and also did that with the food. He survived! Thank god! He is very healthy now, but is a rather picky eater that I assume is from that ordeal. My puppy had his first shots, including the parvo one, and still got it. I have never had a dog before, so it wasnt from another dog. I think he had it when I bought him.
My vet told me not to bring another puppy into the house for 2 years. Parvo can live through basically everything, and can survive freezing temps, and sometimes can stay in the soil outside for over 2 years. He did tell me to bleach whatever could be bleached, and get all of the carpets cleaned if I wanted another puppy, but didnt recommend me getting one.
If you are going to get one, I would get maybe an older puppy (3 months or so), who has had at least 2 parvo vaccines.