英文翻譯~~請求高手分析文法

Question

In proportion to the degree in which it its felt will probably be the degree in which nobleness and beauty of character will be attained.

"獲得高尚和美德的程度與愛美的程度成正比"

~~~

There is not a worm we tread upon, nor a leaf that dances merrily as it falls before the autumn winds, but has a superior claim upon our study and admiration.

"我們所踩過的小蟲以及秋風拂掠之際飄落飛舞的樹葉,都十分值得研究與讚賞"

~~~

這二句話的翻譯我不懂也,可否幫我分析一下文法?

尤其是第二句"not , nor , but 的部份...

Answer 1

Favorite Answer

第一句的重點是"倒裝結構".

Your harvest is in proportion to your sowing.

要怎麼收穫, 先那麼栽.

這種[be]動詞後面的補語[in proportion to your sowing], 可以擺到句首, 與主詞對調, 而形成"倒裝結構":

In proportion to your sowing is your harvest.

原理雖然是如此, 卻不是所有的句子都"適合"倒裝. 像我舉的就不適合, 因為造成"頭重腳輕". 但是版主的句子就可以, 因為如果不倒裝, 反而頭重腳輕, 而且有兩個[will be]串接, 不易閱讀:

The degree in which nobleness and beauty of character will be attained will probably be in proportion to the degree in which it its felt.

倒裝後就好多了:

In proportion to the degree in which it its felt will probably be the degree in which nobleness and beauty of character will be attained.

每個[degree]之後都接了一個關係子句[in which ...]來修飾.

第二句的重點是"雙重否定時的特殊關係代名詞".

There are few people but are worried.

= There are few people that are not worried.

幾乎沒有人是不擔心的.(大家都擔心)

代有否定修飾語的先行詞, 若用[but]當關代. [but]=[that ... not](含有否定語意), 所以"負負得正", 整句的語意就變為肯定.

There is not a worm we tread upon, nor a leaf that dances merrily as it falls before the autumn winds, but has a superior claim upon our study and admiration.

沒有一隻我們所踩過的小蟲, 也沒有一片秋風拂掠之際飄落飛舞的樹葉, 是不值得研究與讚賞的.

(我們所踩過的小蟲以及秋風拂掠之際飄落飛舞的樹葉,都十分值得研究與讚賞)

2009-01-19 21:02:41 補充：

原句=

There is not a ..., nor a ..., that does not have a superior claim upon our study and admiration.

2009-01-19 21:12:49 補充：

There is not a worm, nor a leaf, that is good.

=There is not a worm [that is good], nor [is there] a leaf that is good.

[is there]部分與前面重複, 所以省略.

又, 前後兩句的後半都是[that is good], 就一併提到句末.

2009-01-19 21:17:22 補充：

所[worm]跟[leaf]都是先行詞, 又都帶否定修飾語, 再加上否定含意的關代[but], 整句的語意就變為肯定.

2009-02-14 22:35:41 補充：

Oops!

Thank you for the correction.

Answer 2

Good explanation! Kevin! Just one typo that you didn't point out.

In proportion to the degree in which it "is" felt ....

Answer 3

第二句其實中文已經修飾過了

我先說喔，我的英文鼻是很好，我只是以我的知識回答你第二個問題，僅供參考

第二個其實是種基本句型

就是 not (only).....but (also)....

這個您應該知道是什麼意思嚕

把他改成這樣

There is not (only) a worm we tread upon, but (also) a superior ......

這樣對您繪鼻會有...『啊，機車，原來是這種句型』的感覺

翻白話些，也就是『這不只是是我們踩過的小蟲，而且是個崇高的.....』

nor，其實是當前面是否定的時候用來替代and的連接詞，

所以連接的後面的句子，不需要有否定的字，像是not

所以把他改成這樣，也是可以瞭解的

There is not a worm we tread upon, and not a leaf that.....

這是 either....or, neither....nor這種款的....

您舉的這兩個例子，

第二句，只是中文潤飾過讓你覺得怪怪的，其實本身英文沒那麼神奇。

第一句，是覺得英文本身已經很不容易讓聽眾瞭解了，中文修飾又過多，讓你更覺得神奇。.....

2009-01-18 11:45:59 補充：

第一句咧，我個人覺得您可能抄錯兩個字，

應該那個 its是為 is，還有 will 是為 with

除此之外，我加些括弧

全句重寫

(In proportion to the degree in which it IS felt WITH) probably be the degree ( in which nobleness and beauty of character will be attained).

2009-01-18 11:46:23 補充：

第一個括弧，當作是主題，就是

『落在某個東西的比例』，

因為是it喔，所以我說他的中文翻得很神奇，這個 it 根本沒說到『愛美』，也可能前面有另外一句你沒抄到，那句有提到『愛美』所以這裡用it代替了。

probably be the degree ，直接翻譯為『可能也是這樣的程度』

第二個括弧解釋為

『在獲得那些高尚和美德』

2009-01-18 11:46:46 補充：

其實，我在聽英文的時候，我都是直接想他講的意思，沒想到翻成中文，所以當我看到翻的中文時，繪覺得超神奇，

不過這是翻譯人員的功力，如果是翻譯人員，就有責任要把他翻成容易瞭解的中文，只是我已經習慣『會意』說話得人語句，所以突然看到翻譯的中文，還真覺得翻的不可思議。