Who are the most famous biophysicists today?

Question

I would like to further my study in biophysics. And I do want to know who are the most famous biophysicists today? And what areas do they study in?

Answer 1

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Biophysics (also biological physics) is an interdisciplinary science that applies the theories and methods of physics to questions of biology.

Biophysics research today comprises a lot of specific biological studies, which don't share a unique identifying factor, nor subject themselves to clear and concise definitions. The studies included under the umbrella of biophysics range from sequence analysis to neural networks. In the past, biophysics included creating mechanical limbs and nanomachines to regulate biological functions. Today, these are more commonly referred to as belonging to the fields of bioengineering and nanotechnology respectively. Biophysics is an interdisciplinary science that applies the discipline of physics to the study of biological phenomena. Traditional studies in biochemistry and molecular biology are conducted using statistical ensemble experiments, typically using pico- to micro-molar concentrations of macromolecules. Because the molecules that comprise living cells are so small, techniques such as PCR amplification, gel blotting, fluorescence labeling and in vivo staining are used so that experimental results are observable with an unaided eye or, at most, optical magnification. Using these techniques, researchers in these subjects attempt to elucidate the complex systems of interactions that give rise to the processes that make life possible.

Biophysics, in contrast, typically addresses similar biological questions, but the questions are asked at a molecular level. By drawing knowledge and experimental techniques from a wide variety of disciplines (as described below), biophysicists are able to indirectly observe or model the structures and interactions of individual molecules or complexes of molecules.

In addition to things like solving a protein structure or measuring the kinetics of interactions, biophysics is also understood to encompass research areas that apply models and experimental techniques derived from physics (e.g. electromagnetism and quantum mechanics) to larger systems such as tissues or organs (hence the inclusion of basic neuroscience as well as more applied techniques such as fMRI).

Topics in biophysics and related fields

Animal locomotion

Cellular biophysics

Molecular biophysics

Channels, receptors and transporters

Electrophysiology

Cell membranes

Bioenergetics

Gravitational biology

Molecular motors

Muscle and contractility

Nucleic acids

Photobiophysics and biophotonics

Proteins

Signaling

Supramolecular assemblies

Spectroscopy, imaging, etc.

Systems neuroscience

Neural encoding

Bionics

Polysulphur membranes

Biosensor and Bioelectronics

Quantum biology

notable biophysicists

Adolf Eugen Fick, responsible for Fick's law of diffusion and a method to determine cardiac output.

Howard Berg, characterized properties of bacterial chemotaxis

Steven Block, observed the motions of enzymes such as kinesin and RNA polymerase with optical tweezers

Carlos Bustamante, known for single-molecule biophysics of molecular motors and biological polymer physics

Steven Chu, Nobel Laureate who helped develop optical trapping techniques used by many biophysicists

Friedrich Dessauer, research on radiation, especially X-rays

Julio Fernandez

John J. Hopfield, worked on error correction in Transcription and Translation (kinetic proof-reading), and associative memory models (Hopfield net)

Martin Karplus, research on molecular dynamical simulations of biological macromolecules.

Franklin Offner, professor emeritus at Northwestern University of professor of biophysics, biomedical engineering and electronics who developed a modern prototype of the electroencephalograph and electrocardiograph called the dynograph

Benoit Roux

Mikhail Volkenshtein, Revaz Dogonadze & Zurab Urushadze, authors of the 1st Quantum-Mechanical (Physical) Model of Enzyme Catalysis, supported a theory that enzyme catalysis use quantum-mechanical effects such as tunneling.

John P. Wikswo, research on biomagnetism

Douglas Warrick, specializing in bird flight (hummingbirds and pigeons)

Balaji V N, specialized in computational biology

Ernest C. Pollard — founder of the Biophysical Society

Marvin Makinen, pioneer of the structural basis of enzyme action

Source(s): http://www.biophysics.org/

Answer 2

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Answer 3

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Source(s): http://twistwriter.com/