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Is "Celtic" and "Anglo-Frisian" the same thing?

  • 2 years ago
Evelyn S by Evelyn S
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December 28, 2006
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The Frisian Islands are an archipelago of Islands spread along the eastern edge of the North Sea along the coasts of the Netherlands and Germany. Now for the rest of the story. Contemporary Celts, most noteably the Irish and the Scots, speak an Anglo-Frisian language just as their English and American-English counterparts do. Here's how. Anglo-Frisian is a subdivision of Germanic languages, which is in turn divided into several sub-categories:

------Anglo-Frisian, or Insular Anglo-Frisian, Languages--English and Scots (as opposed to Scots-Gaelic, which is Celtic)

------Frisian, or Continental Anglo-Frisian--West Frisian, Saterland Frisian, or East Frisian, and North Frisian

Anglo-Frisian languages are characterized by the palatalization of the Proto-Germanic k to a coronal affricate between front vowels. In other words, English speakers say cheese instead of kase (German) or kaas (Dutch). Nevertheless, it is also noticeable that English and Scots have a similar vocabulary to Dutch and German. English church is Scots kirk, Dutch kerk, and German kirche.

Highland Scots* may be Celtic, and a few still speak Scottish Gaelic just as their Irish cousins many speak Irish Gaelic. However, many of the inhabitants of Scotland (more specifically 1.5 million of them), Northern Ireland, and the Republic of Ireland speak a version of English known as "braid" (or broad) Scots, which is part of the Anglo-Frisian language family.

Incidentally, the Library of Congress is phasing out its Scots-literature collection and instead classifying all Scots writers as English. As an American of Scottish, Irish, and English descent who is familiar with both Scottish and English authors, I wish to publically protest. The Scots and English may both be subjects of the United Kingdom, but the Scots definitely aren't English.

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*Traditionally, Highland Scots were those Scots who lived North of the Fifth of the Clyde or were inhabitants of the Hebridean Islands.

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  • 2 years ago
Asker's Rating:
4 out of 5
Asker's Comment:
thanks, i found this really helpful, as i hadnt a clue what anglo-frisian meant .

thanks.x
I must point out that both that Frisian for ''cheese'' is ''tsiis'' which sounds almost exactly like the English form. Frisian ''tsjerke'' is closer to English ''church'' (though 'kirk', an English form that more common in Scotland and Northern England is more similar to German).

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The Anglo-Frisian languages both have a Ingvaeonic nasal spirant, , hence the P.Germanic word tanþ (Tanth) became tooth in English and tōth (like ''tooth'') and tosk in Frisian whereas it became Zahn (the Z is a bit like ''Tz'') in German, Tähn in Low German and Tand in Dutch.

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